VERBALS, or the NON-FINITE [-ait] forms of the verb, name an action without a direct reference to its performer. They are not used in the function of the predicate and are devoid of the categories of tense, mood, person, & number. There are four verbals in English: the INFINITIVE, the GERUND, PARTICIPLE 1 and PARTICIPLE II.

  The infinitive as a non-finite form of the verb can be traced back to the Old English verbal noun. Due to its double nature, it possesses both the properties of the verb and those of the noun. Like the verb, it can take a direct object ("to write a letter"), be modified by an adverb ("to think logically"), and form a part of a compound verbal predicate ("began to speak").

   Like the noun, the infinitive can serve as the subject or as the direct object, and it can also function as the nominal part of a compound nominal predicate("Your duty was to inform me at once").

   The infinitive has the categories of voice (active and passive), aspect (common & continuous), and priority, or time correlation (perfect & non-perfect).

  Since the passive voice takes no continuous forms, there are 4 forms in the active and 2 in the passive voice: to DO, to BE DOING, to HAVE DONE, to HAVE BEEN DOING, to BE DONE, to HAVE BEEN DONE.

 

-He seems to have tried the back door first. Look at these marks near the lock.

-It’s bolted inside. He couldn’t force it.

-Do you see those footmarks? He seems to have gone round to the side window.

-Yes, it seems like it; but the side window has bars.

-He appears to have been let in by the front door.

-So it seems. But who let him in?

-Was the servant in?

-She was to have been back at ten. But she doesn’t seem to be here.

-He seems to have followed the servant in. She must be locked somewhere inside.

-That seems to be it!

-So we should check the house!

-But… I have one more idea… This woman can be accomplice in crime. At first, she gave the key to the burglar, and then he just easily entered the house and stole all the money! So perhaps they are already in another city now!

-That’s nonsense! I thought you can help us!

-I do! That’s the point! I’ve just disclosed the facts to you!

-So...what are you waiting for? You should do something to arrest them!

-Miss, I’m trying…

 

(By Luck)

To be a pupil means to be given heaps of senseless tasks daily, to be shouted at, to have your opinion totally ignored. What a life! You're lucky to have torn yourself away from it. - Are we? We are student  now. And to be a student is to have much more senseless tasks, to have to pass your exams twice a year and not to have your opinion at all. What a life!

Вот что такое быть школьником - это когда тебе ежедневно дают массу бессмысленных заданий, когда на тебя кричат, когда твое мнение полностью игнорируют. Ну и жизнь! Вам повезло, что вы из нее вырвались. - Неужели! Мы сейчас студенты. А быть студентом - это когда намного больше бессмысленных заданий, когда надо сдавать экзамены дважды в год и когда твоё мнение не имеет права на существование. Ну и жизнь!

 

The child seems to have been developing very quickly recently. He is still too small to be taught to read but he seems to have already learnt the ABC totally on his own. Perhaps he's a genius. And he's likely to become the top of the class.

Похоже, в последнее время ребенок развивается очень быстро. Он еще слишком маленький, чтобы учить его читать, но похоже, что он выучил уже алфавит совершенно самостроятельно. Возможно, он гений. И, похоже, он станет лучшим учеником в классе.

 

He is said to have been expelled from school. No wonder! He is said to have broken the window in the headmaster's office. He is also rumoured to have got zero points for his sample exam in English. But one thing remains unclear: he doesn't seem to be worried!!!

Говорят, что его исключили из школы. Ничего удивительного! Говорят, он разбил стекло в кабинете директора. А еще ходят слухи, что он получил 0 баллов за пробный экзамен по английскому языку. Но одно все же неясно: не похоже, чтобы он переживал!!!

By Asya

 

His death is supposed to (CAUSE) by a severe heart attack.

       - His death is supposed to be caused by a severe heart attack.
       - That is what doctors say, but some people tend to believe that it was suicide.

Has anything happened to her? She seems to (CRY).

       - Has anything happened to her? She seems to have been crying.

       -Yes, she's got some problems with her boyfriend.

I insist that you should change your tone. I am too old to (TALK) to like that!

       - I insist that you should change your tone. I am too old to be talked to like that!

       - Sorry, I've forgotten that you're so nervous.

Dr. Row is certainly lucky to (EDUCATE) in such a good school.

       - Dr. Row is certainly lucky to have been educated in such a good school.

       - Yes, he's absolutely lucky.

That'll teach you to be more careful! You are lucky not to (BREAK) your neck!

       - That'll teach you to be more careful! You are lucky not to have broken your neck!

       - Oh, I was careful. There was no danger, so relax and stop shouting at me!

(By Rina)

• A great percentage of murderers are known to have been brought in unhappy families. A lot of them are said to have been brought in single parent families.
• A child who has always been praised by his teacher is more likely to overestimate himself. On the other hand, he is also likely to react very emotionally to any criticism. Such a child is supposed to have more psychological problems.
• Many students graduate from the university to start working in completely another field. They are said to study only to get higher education. And only a few students of pedagogical universities are believed to become teachers.

 

As your doctor I must say that you seem to have been experiencing a lot of stress lately. You are not expected to work that hard. You don’t seem to understand that to get better means to observe a whole lot of conditions. First of all, you are supposed to have a pause, to rest and "forget” about your work for at least one weak. Secondly, you are obliged to take some medications to help your nervous system to recover. And the last thing: you aren’t allowed to watch horror movies or news. Remember: lack of stress results in good health.

(By Asya)

·         A great percentage of murderers are known to have been brought up in problem families. Their parents usually didn’t pay any attention to them. And perhaps that’s the reason why they used to miss classes, make friends with other children who had the same problems and then connected their lives with the criminal world.

·         A child who has always been praised by his teachers is more likely to overestimate himself. This child is also likely to behave in a wrong way, as he thinks he has his own rights to this. He is said to be an emotionally unstable child sometimes.

·         Many students graduate from the university only to prove someone that they can make something by themselves, even to get a diploma. But such people are said to be quite unhappy in life because they can’t enjoy their own life, they just get accustomed to satisfy one’s desires but not their own.

 

As your doctor I must say that you seem to have been experiencing a lot of stress lately. You are not expected to work that hard. You don’t seem to understand that to get better means to observe a whole lot of conditions. You are supposed to think about your health and have a rest a bit more often. You is said to be a workaholic. But unfortunately you don’t seem to understand that the work isn’t going anywhere but your emotional state can be undermined.

(By Luck)

 

As your doctor I must say that you seem to have been experiencing a lot of stress lately. You are not expected to work that hard. You don’t seem to understand that to get better means to observe a whole lot of conditions. I insist that you should change your daily routine. You are supposed to think about your rest. It should be much more often. And finally, to be a healthy person is to be in a good emotional state.

 

A great percentage of murderers are known to have been grown in bad social conditions. Nobody tooks care about them, that’s why they are full of angry, cruelty.

 

A child who has always being praised by his teachers is more (less) likely to be too self-confident. It can have negative side effects. 

 

Many students graduate from the university (only) to be good specialists in the future, because such education gives much more chances to have a well-paid job.

 

(By Tanya)

 

A great percentage of murderers are known to have been born in so-called slums. They are also known to have been problem children or even juvenile delinquents.

A child who has always been praised by his teacher is more likely to be more confident than other children. he/she is supposed to be a very successful student. But on the other hand this child is usually said to be envied by other pupils.

Many students graduate from the university to find a prestigious job and receive a good salary. They are known to have been diligent students who worry about their future a lot.

As your doctor I must say that you seem to have been experiencing a lot of stress lately. You are not expected to work that hard. You don’t seem to understand that to get better means to observe a whole lot of conditions. You seem to be too overwhelmed by your problems and puzzles, you just can't stop thinking about them and their influence on your work. You are said to be crazy about your career but you should understand that your job is becoming your killer. You are dead tired. You are supposed to withdraw from business.

(By Rina)

 

 

• A great percentage of murderers are known to have grown in low-income and socially adverse families. Being children, they are more likely to have shown acts of violence and to have tortured animals. By the way, no matter how strange it may sound, most law-breakers seem to be quite successful at school.
• A child who has always been praised by his teachers is less expected to develop an adequate self-esteem and is more likely to be ticklish on criticism. Such children are said to be rather vulnerable to any kind of disapproval and they happen to be very persistent in achieving their aims.  They like to win and seem to suffer from a failure a great deal.
• Many students graduate from the university only to find out that they don’t meet any professional standards. They happen to realize they haven’t got any knowledge or skills required by the employers. These students seem to be disappointed and desperate about life and start to seek after a new trade.  

 

As your doctor I must say that you seem to have been experiencing a lot of stress lately. You are not expected to work that hard. You don’t seem to understand that to get better means to observe a whole lot of conditions. What you should bear in mind is that you are not supposed to cope with all the problems only by yourself. There is no need to for you to saddle yourself with other people’s work. If you don’t take my advice into consideration, you won’t happen to recover soon. To be healthy means to be in harmony with your inner world, but you don’t appear to get the idea. You should think it over.

 

(By MissJane)